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PMID 26162009
Gene Name DAZL
Condition Non- obstructive azoospermia, maturation arrest
Association This study has identified isoform level signature that can be used to discriminate effectively between MA, SCOS, and normal testicular tissues and suggests the possibility of diagnosing the presence of mature sperm cell in azoospermic men to prevent addit
Population size 80
Population details 80 (12 men with preserved spermatogenesis, 68 men with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) (40 Sertoli-cell-only syndrome (SCOS) and 28 premiotic maturation arrest (MA)))
Sex Male
Infertility type Male infertility
Associated genes USP9Y, DDX3Y, XKRY, HSFY1, CYORF15A, CYORF15B, KDM5D, EIF1AY, RPS4Y2, RBMY1A1, PRY, BPY2, DAZ1, and CDY1
Other associated phenotypes Non- obstructive azoospermia, maturation arrest


Isoform-Level Gene Expression Profiles of Human Y Chromosome Azoospermia Factor Genes and Their X Chromosome Paralogs in the Testicular Tissue of Non-Obstructive Azoospermia Patients

Ahmadi Rastegar D, Sharifi Tabar M, Alikhani M, Parsamatin P, Sahraneshin Samani F, Sabbaghian M, Sadighi Gilani MA, Mohammad Ahadi A, Mohseni Meybodi A, Piryaei A, Ansari-Pour N, Gourabi H, Baharvand H, Salekdeh GH.

The human Y chromosome has an inevitable role in male fertility because it contains many genes critical for spermatogenesis and the development of the male gonads. Any genetic variation or epigenetic modification affecting the expression pattern of Y chromosome genes may thus lead to male infertility. In this study, we performed isoform-level gene expression profiling of Y chromosome genes within the azoospermia factor (AZF) regions, their X chromosome counterparts, and few autosomal paralogues in testicular biopsies of 12 men with preserved spermatogenesis and 68 men with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) (40 Sertoli-cell-only syndrome (SCOS) and 28 premiotic maturation arrest (MA)). This was undertaken using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) at the transcript level and Western blotting (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) at the protein level. We profiled the expression of 41 alternative transcripts encoded by 14 AZFa, AZFb, and AZFc region genes (USP9Y, DDX3Y, XKRY, HSFY1, CYORF15A, CYORF15B, KDM5D, EIF1AY, RPS4Y2, RBMY1A1, PRY, BPY2, DAZ1, and CDY1) as well as their X chromosome homologue transcripts and a few autosomal homologues. Of the 41 transcripts, 18 were significantly down-regulated in men with NOA when compared with those of men with complete spermatogenesis. In contrast, the expression of five transcripts increased significantly in NOA patients. Furthermore, to confirm the qPCR results at the protein level, we performed immunoblotting and IHC experiments (based on 24 commercial and homemade antibodies) that detected 10 AZF-encoded proteins. In addition, their localization in testis cell types and organelles was determined. Interestingly, the two missing proteins, XKRY and CYORF15A, were detected for the first time. Finally, we focused on the expression patterns of the significantly altered genes in 12 MA patients with successful sperm retrieval compared to those of 12 MA patients with failed sperm retrieval to predict the success of sperm retrieval in azoospermic men. We showed that HSFY1-1, HSFY1-3, BPY2-1, KDM5C2, RBMX2, and DAZL1 transcripts could be used as potential molecular markers to predict the presence of spermatozoa in MA patients. In this study, we have identified isoform level signature that can be used to discriminate effectively between MA, SCOS, and normal testicular tissues and suggests the possibility of diagnosing the presence of mature sperm cell in azoospermic men to prevent additional testicular sperm extraction (TESE) surgery. FAU - Ahmadi Rastegar, Diba AU - Ahmadi Rastegar D AD - Department of Molecular Systems Biology, ‡Stem Cells and Developmental Biology Group, and ∇Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, §Department of Andrology and ⊥Department of Genetics at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, and ○Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR , Tehran, Iran. FAU - Sharifi Tabar, Mehdi AU - Sharifi Tabar M AD - Department of Molecular Systems Biology, ‡Stem Cells and Developmental Biology Group, and ∇Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, §Department of Andrology and ⊥Department of Genetics at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, and ○Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR , Tehran, Iran. FAU - Alikhani, Mehdi AU - Alikhani M AD - Department of Molecular Systems Biology, ‡Stem Cells and Developmental Biology Group, and ∇Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, §Department of Andrology and ⊥Department of Genetics at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, and ○Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR , Tehran, Iran. FAU - Parsamatin, Pouria AU - Parsamatin P AD - Department of Molecular Systems Biology, ‡Stem Cells and Developmental Biology Group, and ∇Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology at Cell Science Research Center, §Department of Andrology and ⊥Department of Genetics at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, and ○Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR , Tehran, Iran. FAU - Sahraneshin Samani, Fazel AU - Sahraneshin Samani F FAU - Sabbaghian, Marjan AU - Sabbaghian M FAU - Sadighi Gilani, Mohammad Ali AU - Sadighi Gilani MA FAU - Mohammad Ahadi, Ali AU - Mohammad Ahadi A AD - Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University , Shahrekord, Iran. FAU - Mohseni Meybodi, Anahita AU - Mohseni Meybodi A FAU - Piryaei, Abbas AU - Piryaei A AD - Anatomy and Cell Biology Department, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran. FAU - Ansari-Pour, Naser AU - Ansari-Pour N AD - Faculty of New Sciences and Technology, University of Tehran , Tehran, Iran. FAU - Gourabi, Hamid AU - Gourabi H FAU - Baharvand, Hossein AU - Baharvand H