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PMID 12721208
Gene Name GSK3B
Condition Role in mammalian meiosis and spermatogenesis
Association Associated
Sex Male
Infertility type Male infertility
Other associated phenotypes Role in mammalian meiosis and spermatogenesis


Evidence for a role of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta in rodent spermatogenesis

Guo TB, Chan KC, Hakovirta H, Xiao Y, Toppari J, Mitchell AP, Salameh WA.

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3 beta) regulates cell metabolism, cell cycle, and cell fate through the phosphorylation of a diverse array of substrates. Herein, we provide evidence that supports a role for GSK-3 in mammalian meiosis and spermatogenesis. Immunostaining of testis sections showed that while GSK-3 alpha was ubiquitous in the seminiferous tubules, GSK-3 beta was expressed in premeiotic type B spermatogonia, in both meiotic preleptotene and leptotene spermatocytes, as well as in Sertoli cells in both the mouse and rat. Thus, GSK-3 beta is expressed in germ cells entering meiosis. In addition, intense immunoreactivity was detected in rat step 6 though 11 spermatids. In situ hybridization (ISH) in rat testis confirmed the immunostaining pattern in leptotene and spermatids and showed a GSK-3 beta messenger RNA (mRNA) signal in some pachytene spermatocytes. The restricted pattern of expression suggests cell-specific regulation of Gsk-3 beta mRNA. To determine whether GSK-3 is required for meiosis entry, rat stage VIIa seminiferous tubule segments were cultured with selective small-molecule GSK-3 inhibitors. These compounds markedly and dose-dependently suppressed meiotic synthesis (S)-phase DNA. Since a yeast GSK-3 homolog, Rim11p (regulator of inducer of meiosis), is pivotal to meiosis entry, we tested whether GSK-3 beta complements Rim11p function in meiosis. Rim11p phosphorylates transcription factors Ume6p (unscheduled meiotic gene expression) and Ime1p (inducer of meiosis) to induce meiosis entry. Overexpression of murine GSK-3 beta in a rim11 mutant yeast failed to rescue the sporulation defect. Our finding that GSK-3 beta interacted only with Ume6p but not with IME1 in a yeast 2-hybrid assay suggests that noncomplementation reflects partial divergence in substrate specificity. This work provides the basis for future studies of GSK-3 beta signaling in mammalian meiosis and spermatogenesis. FAU - Guo, Taylor B AU - Guo TB AD - Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Research and Education Institute, Torrance, California 90509, USA. FAU - Chan, Kam C AU - Chan KC FAU - Hakovirta, Harri AU - Hakovirta H FAU - Xiao, Yang AU - Xiao Y FAU - Toppari, Jorma AU - Toppari J FAU - Mitchell, Aaron P AU - Mitchell AP