• Gene id: 7296

Gene Summary

• Gene Symbol: TXNRD1   Gene   UCSC   Ensembl
• Aliases: GRIM-12, TR, TR1, TRXR1, TXNR
• Gene name: thioredoxin reductase 1
• Alternate names: thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic, KM-102-derived reductase-like factor, gene associated with retinoic and IFN-induced mortality 12 protein, gene associated with retinoic and interferon-induced mortality 12 protein, oxidoreductase, testis tissue sperm-bindi,
• Gene location: 12q23.3 (104215778: 104350306)     Exons: 18     NC_000012.12
• Gene summary(Entrez): The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family, and is a member of the thioredoxin (Trx) system. Three thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) isozymes are found in mammals. TrxRs are selenocysteine-containing fla
• OMIM: 601112

Protein Summary

• Protein general information: Q16881  
  • Name: Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic (TR) (EC 1.8.1.9) (Gene associated with retinoic and interferon induced mortality 12 protein) (GRIM 12) (Gene associated with retinoic and IFN induced mortality 12 protein) (KM 102 derived reductase like factor) (Thior
  • Length: 649  
  • Mass: 70906
  • Tissue specificity: Isoform 1 is expressed predominantly in Leydig cells (at protein level). Also expressed in ovary, spleen, heart, liver, kidney and pancreas and in a number of cancer cell lines. Isoform 4 is widely expressed with highest levels in kidn
• Sequence:

  MGCAEGKAVAAAAPTELQTKGKNGDGRRRSAKDHHPGKTLPENPAGFTSTATADSRALLQAYIDGHSVVIFSRST
  CTRCTEVKKLFKSLCVPYFVLELDQTEDGRALEGTLSELAAETDLPVVFVKQRKIGGHGPTLKAYQEGRLQKLLK
  MNGPEDLPKSYDYDLIIIGGGSGGLAAAKEAAQYGKKVMVLDFVTPTPLGTRWGLGGTCVNVGCIPKKLMHQAAL
  LGQALQDSRNYGWKVEETVKHDWDRMIEAVQNHIGSLNWGYRVALREKKVVYENAYGQFIGPHRIKATNNKGKEK
  IYSAERFLIATGERPRYLGIPGDKEYCISSDDLFSLPYCPGKTLVVGASYVALECAGFLAGIGLDVTVMVRSILL
  RGFDQDMANKIGEHMEEHGIKFIRQFVPIKVEQIEAGTPGRLRVVAQSTNSEEIIEGEYNTVMLAIGRDACTRKI
  GLETVGVKINEKTGKIPVTDEEQTNVPYIYAIGDILEDKVELTPVAIQAGRLLAQRLYAGSTVKCDYENVPTTVF
  TPLEYGACGLSEEKAVEKFGEENIEVYHSYFWPLEWTIPSRDNNKCYAKIICNTKDNERVVGFHVLGPNAGEVTQ
  GFAAALKCGLTKKQLDSTIGIHPVCAEVFTTLSVTKRSGASILQAGCUG

• Structural information:
  • Protein Domains: (56..15-)
    (/note="Glutaredoxin-)
    (/evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00686"-)
  • Interpro: IPR036188  IPR023753  IPR016156  IPR002109  IPR001100   IPR004099  IPR012999  IPR036249  IPR006338  
  • Prosite: PS51354 PS00076
  • PDB: 1W1C 2CFY 2J3N 2ZZ0 2ZZB 2ZZC 3QFA 3QFB
  • PDBsum: 1W1C 2CFY 2J3N 2ZZ0 2ZZB 2ZZC 3QFA 3QFB
  • STRING: ENSP00000434516
• Other Databases: GeneCards:  TXNRD1  Malacards:  TXNRD1

Gene ontology

GO accession	Term name	Evidence code	Go category
GO:0004791	thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity	IBA	molecular function
GO:0045454	cell redox homeostasis	IBA	biological process
GO:0005739	mitochondrion	IBA	cellular component
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IBA	cellular component
GO:0004791	thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0015035	protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0016668	oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, NAD(P) as acceptor	IEA	molecular function
GO:0050660	flavin adenine dinucleotide binding	IEA	molecular function
GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process	IEA	biological process
GO:0009055	electron transfer activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0016491	oxidoreductase activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0045454	cell redox homeostasis	IEA	biological process
GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process	IEA	biological process
GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process	IEA	biological process
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IEA	cellular component
GO:0005634	nucleus	IEA	cellular component
GO:0016491	oxidoreductase activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0004791	thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0007165	signal transduction	NAS	biological process
GO:0004791	thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0001887	selenium compound metabolic process	TAS	biological process
GO:0005829	cytosol	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005829	cytosol	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005829	cytosol	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005829	cytosol	TAS	cellular component
GO:0015949	nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion	TAS	biological process
GO:0019216	regulation of lipid metabolic process	TAS	biological process
GO:0034599	cellular response to oxidative stress	TAS	biological process
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular function
GO:0005515	protein binding	IPI	molecular function
GO:0005829	cytosol	IEA	cellular component
GO:0004791	thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0008283	cell population proliferation	IEA	biological process
GO:0007369	gastrulation	IEA	biological process
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IEA	cellular component
GO:0005634	nucleus	IEA	cellular component
GO:0001707	mesoderm formation	IEA	biological process
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IEA	cellular component
GO:0005634	nucleus	IEA	cellular component
GO:0001650	fibrillar center	IDA	cellular component
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	IDA	cellular component
GO:0098869	cellular oxidant detoxification	IEA	biological process
GO:0098869	cellular oxidant detoxification	IEA	biological process
GO:0098869	cellular oxidant detoxification	IEA	biological process
GO:0098869	cellular oxidant detoxification	IEA	biological process
GO:0098869	cellular oxidant detoxification	IEA	biological process
GO:0022900	electron transport chain	IEA	biological process
GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	HDA	cellular component

KEGG pathways

Pathway id	Pathway name
hsa05200	Pathways in cancer
hsa05225	Hepatocellular carcinoma
hsa00450	Selenocompound metabolism

Diseases

Associated diseases	References
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	PMID:18996185
Cryptorchidism	MIK: 28606200
Teratozoospermia	MIK: 17327269

PubMed references

PMID	Condition	Mutation	Ethnicity	Population details	Infertility_type	Associated_genes
17327269	Teratozoospermia			13 (5 controls, 8 cases)	Male infertility	GSE6967 analyzed by GEO2R (cutoff 1.5 fold)
28606200	Cryptorchidism			Monozgotic twins (1 control, I cwith cryptorchidism)	Male infertility	MeDIP-Seq