• Gene id: 5179

Gene Summary

• Gene Symbol: PENK   Gene   UCSC   Ensembl
• Aliases: PE, PENK-A
• Gene name: proenkephalin
• Alternate names: proenkephalin-A, enkephalin A, peptide F, preproenkephalin,
• Gene location: 8q12.1 (56446640: 56440956)     Exons: 4     NC_000008.11
• Gene summary(Entrez): This gene encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate multiple protein products. These products include the pentapeptide opioids Met-enkephalin and Leu-enkephalin, which are stored in synaptic vesicles, then released into the syn
• OMIM: 131330

Protein Summary

• Protein general information: P01210  
  • Name: Proenkephalin A [Cleaved into: Synenkephalin; Met enkephalin (Opioid growth factor) (OGF); PENK(114 133); PENK(143 183); Met enkephalin Arg Gly Leu; Leu enkephalin; PENK(237 258); Met enkephalin Arg Phe]
  • Length: 267  
  • Mass: 30787
• Sequence:

  MARFLTLCTWLLLLGPGLLATVRAECSQDCATCSYRLVRPADINFLACVMECEGKLPSLKIWETCKELLQLSKPE
  LPQDGTSTLRENSKPEESHLLAKRYGGFMKRYGGFMKKMDELYPMEPEEEANGSEILAKRYGGFMKKDAEEDDSL
  ANSSDLLKELLETGDNRERSHHQDGSDNEEEVSKRYGGFMRGLKRSPQLEDEAKELQKRYGGFMRRVGRPEWWMD
  YQKRYGGFLKRFAEALPSDEEGESYSKEVPEMEKRYGGFMRF

• Structural information:
  • Interpro: IPR006024  IPR000703  
  • Prosite: PS01252
  • PDB: 1PLW 1PLX 2LWC 5E33 5E3A
  • PDBsum: 1PLW 1PLX 2LWC 5E33 5E3A
  • STRING: ENSP00000324248
• Other Databases: GeneCards:  PENK  Malacards:  PENK

Gene ontology

GO accession	Term name	Evidence code	Go category
GO:0007218	neuropeptide signaling pathway	IBA	biological process
GO:0007268	chemical synaptic transmission	IBA	biological process
GO:0007600	sensory perception	IBA	biological process
GO:0030425	dendrite	IBA	cellular component
GO:0031628	opioid receptor binding	IBA	molecular function
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	IBA	cellular component
GO:0043025	neuronal cell body	IBA	cellular component
GO:0043679	axon terminus	IBA	cellular component
GO:0007218	neuropeptide signaling pathway	IEA	biological process
GO:0007218	neuropeptide signaling pathway	IEA	biological process
GO:0005576	extracellular region	IEA	cellular component
GO:0001515	opioid peptide activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0007218	neuropeptide signaling pathway	IEA	biological process
GO:0005184	neuropeptide hormone activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0007165	signal transduction	TAS	biological process
GO:0007186	G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	TAS	biological process
GO:0044267	cellular protein metabolic process	TAS	biological process
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005788	endoplasmic reticulum lumen	TAS	cellular component
GO:0043687	post-translational protein modification	TAS	biological process
GO:0009617	response to bacterium	IEA	biological process
GO:0007626	locomotory behavior	IEA	biological process
GO:0002118	aggressive behavior	IEA	biological process
GO:0001964	startle response	IEA	biological process
GO:0001662	behavioral fear response	IEA	biological process
GO:0071560	cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus	IEA	biological process
GO:0071320	cellular response to cAMP	IEA	biological process
GO:0071305	cellular response to vitamin D	IEA	biological process
GO:0070852	cell body fiber	IEA	cellular component
GO:0051867	general adaptation syndrome, behavioral process	IEA	biological process
GO:0051592	response to calcium ion	IEA	biological process
GO:0045471	response to ethanol	IEA	biological process
GO:0043278	response to morphine	IEA	biological process
GO:0035641	locomotory exploration behavior	IEA	biological process
GO:0034599	cellular response to oxidative stress	IEA	biological process
GO:0032355	response to estradiol	IEA	biological process
GO:0030425	dendrite	IEA	cellular component
GO:0030424	axon	IEA	cellular component
GO:0014009	glial cell proliferation	IEA	biological process
GO:0009636	response to toxic substance	IEA	biological process
GO:0007568	aging	IEA	biological process
GO:0001666	response to hypoxia	IEA	biological process
GO:0001649	osteoblast differentiation	IEA	biological process
GO:0019233	sensory perception of pain	IEA	biological process
GO:2000987	positive regulation of behavioral fear response	IEA	biological process
GO:0099538	synaptic signaling via neuropeptide	IEA	biological process
GO:0099013	neuronal dense core vesicle lumen	IEA	cellular component
GO:0098586	cellular response to virus	IEA	biological process
GO:0071871	response to epinephrine	IEA	biological process
GO:0043679	axon terminus	IEA	cellular component
GO:0043204	perikaryon	IEA	cellular component
GO:0043025	neuronal cell body	IEA	cellular component
GO:0035094	response to nicotine	IEA	biological process
GO:0034592	synaptic vesicle lumen	IEA	cellular component
GO:0032496	response to lipopolysaccharide	IEA	biological process
GO:0032280	symmetric synapse	IEA	cellular component
GO:0009314	response to radiation	IEA	biological process
GO:0005576	extracellular region	IEA	cellular component

KEGG pathways

Pathway id	Pathway name
hsa04080	Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction
hsa04080	Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction

Diseases

Associated diseases	References
Obesity	GAD: 20734064
Attention deficit disorder conduct disorder	GAD: 11140838
Bipolar disorder	GAD: 10893493
Psychological disorders	GAD: 19086053
Associated with spermatogenesis	MIK: 7925115
Teratozoospermia	MIK: 17327269

PubMed references

PMID	Condition	Mutation	Ethnicity	Population details	Infertility_type	Associated_genes
17327269	Teratozoospermia			19 (6 controls, 13 cases)	Male infertility	GSE6872 analyzed by GEO2R (cutoff 1.5 fold)