• Gene id: 2936

Gene Summary

• Gene Symbol: GSR   Gene   UCSC   Ensembl
• Aliases: GR, HEL-75, HEL-S-122m
• Gene name: glutathione-disulfide reductase
• Alternate names: glutathione reductase, mitochondrial, GRase, epididymis luminal protein 75, epididymis secretory sperm binding protein Li 122m, glutathione S-reductase,
• Gene location: 8p12 (16347141: 16377188)     Exons: 11     NC_000012.12
• Gene summary(Entrez): This gene encodes a member of the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family. This enzyme is a homodimeric flavoprotein. It is a central enzyme of cellular antioxidant defense, and reduces oxidized glutathione disulfide (GSSG) to the sulf
• OMIM: 138300

Protein Summary

• Protein general information: P00390  
  • Name: Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial (GR) (GRase) (EC 1.8.1.7)
  • Length: 522  
  • Mass: 56,257
• Sequence:

  MALLPRALSAGAGPSWRRAARAFRGFLLLLPEPAALTRALSRAMACRQEPQPQGPPPAAGAVASYDYLVIGGGSG
  GLASARRAAELGARAAVVESHKLGGTCVNVGCVPKKVMWNTAVHSEFMHDHADYGFPSCEGKFNWRVIKEKRDAY
  VSRLNAIYQNNLTKSHIEIIRGHAAFTSDPKPTIEVSGKKYTAPHILIATGGMPSTPHESQIPGASLGITSDGFF
  QLEELPGRSVIVGAGYIAVEMAGILSALGSKTSLMIRHDKVLRSFDSMISTNCTEELENAGVEVLKFSQVKEVKK
  TLSGLEVSMVTAVPGRLPVMTMIPDVDCLLWAIGRVPNTKDLSLNKLGIQTDDKGHIIVDEFQNTNVKGIYAVGD
  VCGKALLTPVAIAAGRKLAHRLFEYKEDSKLDYNNIPTVVFSHPPIGTVGLTEDEAIHKYGIENVKTYSTSFTPM
  YHAVTKRKTKCVMKMVCANKEEKVVGIHMQGLGCDEMLQGFAVAVKMGATKADFDNTVAIHPTSSEELVTLR

• Structural information:
  • Interpro: IPR036188  IPR023753  IPR016156  IPR006322  IPR001100   IPR004099  IPR012999  
  • Prosite: PS00076
  • PDB: 1ALG 1BWC 1DNC 1GRA 1GRB 1GRE 1GRF 1GRG 1GRH 1GRT 1GSN 1K4Q 1XAN 2AAQ 2GH5 2GRT 3DJG 3DJJ 3DK4 3DK8 3DK9 3GRS 3GRT 3SQP 4GR1 4GRT 5GRT
  • PDBsum: 1ALG 1BWC 1DNC 1GRA 1GRB 1GRE 1GRF 1GRG 1GRH 1GRT 1GSN 1K4Q 1XAN 2AAQ 2GH5 2GRT 3DJG 3DJJ 3DK4 3DK8 3DK9 3GRS 3GRT 3SQP 4GR1 4GRT 5GRT
  • STRING: ENSP00000221130
• Other Databases: GeneCards:  GSR  Malacards:  GSR

Gene ontology

GO accession	Term name	Evidence code	Go category
GO:0000302	response to reactive oxygen species	TAS	biological process
GO:0004362	glutathione-disulfide reductase activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0004362	glutathione-disulfide reductase activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0005759	mitochondrial matrix	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005829	cytosol	TAS	cellular component
GO:0006749	glutathione metabolic process	IEA	biological process
GO:0009055	electron carrier activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0009897	external side of plasma membrane	IEA	cellular component
GO:0015949	nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion	TAS	biological process
GO:0045454	cell redox homeostasis	IEA	biological process
GO:0050660	flavin adenine dinucleotide binding	IEA	molecular function
GO:0050661	NADP binding	IEA	molecular function
GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process	IEA	biological process
GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	IDA	cellular component
GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	IDA	cellular component
GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	IDA	cellular component
GO:0098869	cellular oxidant detoxification	IEA	biological process
GO:0000302	response to reactive oxygen species	TAS	biological process
GO:0004362	glutathione-disulfide reductase activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0004362	glutathione-disulfide reductase activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0004362	glutathione-disulfide reductase activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0004362	glutathione-disulfide reductase activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0004362	glutathione-disulfide reductase activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0004362	glutathione-disulfide reductase activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IEA	cellular component
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	IEA	cellular component
GO:0005739	mitochondrion	IEA	cellular component
GO:0005739	mitochondrion	IEA	cellular component
GO:0005739	mitochondrion	IEA	cellular component
GO:0005759	mitochondrial matrix	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005829	cytosol	TAS	cellular component
GO:0006749	glutathione metabolic process	IEA	biological process
GO:0009055	electron carrier activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0009897	external side of plasma membrane	IEA	cellular component
GO:0015949	nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion	TAS	biological process
GO:0016491	oxidoreductase activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0016491	oxidoreductase activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0016668	oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, NAD(P) as acceptor	IEA	molecular function
GO:0045454	cell redox homeostasis	IEA	biological process
GO:0050660	flavin adenine dinucleotide binding	IEA	molecular function
GO:0050661	NADP binding	IEA	molecular function
GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process	IEA	biological process
GO:0055114	oxidation-reduction process	IEA	biological process
GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	IDA	cellular component
GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	IDA	cellular component
GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	IDA	cellular component
GO:0098869	cellular oxidant detoxification	IEA	biological process
GO:0000302	response to reactive oxygen species	TAS	biological process
GO:0004362	glutathione-disulfide reductase activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0004362	glutathione-disulfide reductase activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0004362	glutathione-disulfide reductase activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0005759	mitochondrial matrix	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005829	cytosol	TAS	cellular component
GO:0009055	electron carrier activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0015949	nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion	TAS	biological process
GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	IDA	cellular component
GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	IDA	cellular component
GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	IDA	cellular component

KEGG pathways

Pathway id	Pathway name
hsa01100	Metabolic pathways
hsa04918	Thyroid hormone synthesis

Diseases

Associated diseases	References
Cancer	GAD: 16424062
Cancer (lung)	GAD: 20200426
Cancer (breast)	GAD: 16424062
Atherosclerosis	GAD: 20485444
Hemolytic anemia due to glutathione reductase deficiency	OMIM: 138300
Chronic renal failure	GAD: 21085059
Male factor infertility	MIK: 15120973
Cryptorchidism	MIK: 28606200
Male infertility	MIK: 15120973

PubMed references

PMID	Condition	Mutation	Ethnicity	Population details	Infertility_type	Associated_genes
15120973	Male infertility			8 testis biopsies	Male infertility	Vim Rad23A Rad23B Gsr Gstp 1 Mgst1 Ace Casp1 Ctsd Prlr Tmsb4 and Zfp-37 Hsp 1 Osp94
28606200	Cryptorchidism			Monozgotic twins (1 control, I cwith cryptorchidism)	Male infertility	MeDIP-Seq