• Gene id: 2796

Gene Summary

• Gene Symbol: GNRH1   Gene   UCSC   Ensembl
• Aliases: GNRH, GRH, LHRH, LNRH
• Gene name: gonadotropin releasing hormone 1
• Alternate names: progonadoliberin-1, GnRH-associated peptide 1, gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 (luteinizing-releasing hormone), leuteinizing-releasing hormone, luliberin I, prolactin release-inhibiting factor,
• Gene location: 8p21.2 (25425039: 25419257)     Exons: 4     NC_000008.11
• Gene summary(Entrez): This gene encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate a peptide that is a member of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) family of peptides. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which
• OMIM: 152760

Protein Summary

• Protein general information: P01148  
  • Name: Progonadoliberin 1 (Progonadoliberin I) [Cleaved into: Gonadoliberin 1 (Gonadoliberin I) (Gonadorelin) (Gonadotropin releasing hormone I) (GnRH I) (Luliberin I) (Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone I) (LH RH I); GnRH associated peptide 1 (GnRH associate
  • Length: 92  
  • Mass: 10,380
• Sequence:

  MKPIQKLLAGLILLTWCVEGCSSQHWSYGLRPGGKRDAENLIDSFQEIVKEVGQLAETQRFECTTHQPRSPLRDL
  KGALESLIEEETGQKKI

• Structural information:
  • Interpro: IPR002012  IPR019792  IPR004079  
  • Prosite: PS00473
  • PDB: 4D5M
  • PDBsum: 4D5M
  • STRING: ENSP00000276414
• Other Databases: GeneCards:  GNRH1  Malacards:  GNRH1

Gene ontology

GO accession	Term name	Evidence code	Go category
GO:0005179	hormone activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0005183	gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IEA	cellular component
GO:0005739	mitochondrion	IEA	cellular component
GO:0005798	Golgi-associated vesicle	IEA	cellular component
GO:0007165	signal transduction	TAS	biological process
GO:0007267	cell-cell signaling	TAS	biological process
GO:0007275	multicellular organism development	TAS	biological process
GO:0007565	female pregnancy	IEA	biological process
GO:0007568	aging	IEA	biological process
GO:0008285	negative regulation of cell proliferation	TAS	biological process
GO:0010468	regulation of gene expression	IEA	biological process
GO:0030238	male sex determination	IEA	biological process
GO:0030425	dendrite	IEA	cellular component
GO:0031960	response to corticosteroid	IEA	biological process
GO:0032496	response to lipopolysaccharide	IEA	biological process
GO:0033087	negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation	IEA	biological process
GO:0033574	response to testosterone	IEA	biological process
GO:0034695	response to prostaglandin E	IEA	biological process
GO:0035864	response to potassium ion	IEA	biological process
GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process	IEA	biological process
GO:0043204	perikaryon	IEA	cellular component
GO:0043679	axon terminus	IEA	cellular component
GO:0044849	estrous cycle	IEA	biological process
GO:0045471	response to ethanol	IEA	biological process
GO:0098556	cytoplasmic side of rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane	IEA	cellular component
GO:1990008	neurosecretory vesicle	IEA	cellular component
GO:1990637	response to prolactin	IEA	biological process
GO:2000354	regulation of ovarian follicle development	IEA	biological process
GO:2001223	negative regulation of neuron migration	IEA	biological process
GO:0005179	hormone activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0005179	hormone activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0005179	hormone activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0005183	gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0005183	gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone activity	IEA	molecular function
GO:0005183	gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0005576	extracellular region	IEA	cellular component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	IEA	cellular component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	IEA	cellular component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005615	extracellular space	IEA	cellular component
GO:0005739	mitochondrion	IEA	cellular component
GO:0005798	Golgi-associated vesicle	IEA	cellular component
GO:0007165	signal transduction	TAS	biological process
GO:0007267	cell-cell signaling	TAS	biological process
GO:0007275	multicellular organism development	IEA	biological process
GO:0007275	multicellular organism development	IEA	biological process
GO:0007275	multicellular organism development	TAS	biological process
GO:0007565	female pregnancy	IEA	biological process
GO:0007568	aging	IEA	biological process
GO:0008285	negative regulation of cell proliferation	TAS	biological process
GO:0010468	regulation of gene expression	IEA	biological process
GO:0014070	response to organic cyclic compound	IEA	biological process
GO:0030238	male sex determination	IEA	biological process
GO:0030425	dendrite	IEA	cellular component
GO:0031960	response to corticosteroid	IEA	biological process
GO:0032496	response to lipopolysaccharide	IEA	biological process
GO:0033087	negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation	IEA	biological process
GO:0033574	response to testosterone	IEA	biological process
GO:0034695	response to prostaglandin E	IEA	biological process
GO:0035864	response to potassium ion	IEA	biological process
GO:0042698	ovulation cycle	IEA	biological process
GO:0043005	neuron projection	IEA	cellular component
GO:0043066	negative regulation of apoptotic process	IEA	biological process
GO:0043204	perikaryon	IEA	cellular component
GO:0043434	response to peptide hormone	IEA	biological process
GO:0043679	axon terminus	IEA	cellular component
GO:0044849	estrous cycle	IEA	biological process
GO:0045471	response to ethanol	IEA	biological process
GO:0048545	response to steroid hormone	IEA	biological process
GO:0098556	cytoplasmic side of rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane	IEA	cellular component
GO:1990008	neurosecretory vesicle	IEA	cellular component
GO:1990637	response to prolactin	IEA	biological process
GO:2000354	regulation of ovarian follicle development	IEA	biological process
GO:2001223	negative regulation of neuron migration	IEA	biological process
GO:0005179	hormone activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0005183	gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone activity	TAS	molecular function
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular component
GO:0005576	extracellular region	TAS	cellular component
GO:0007165	signal transduction	TAS	biological process
GO:0007267	cell-cell signaling	TAS	biological process
GO:0007275	multicellular organism development	TAS	biological process
GO:0008285	negative regulation of cell proliferation	TAS	biological process

KEGG pathways

Pathway id	Pathway name
hsa04080	Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction
hsa04929	GnRH secretion
hsa04912	GnRH signaling pathway

Diseases

Associated diseases	References
Cancer	GAD: 19640273
Cancer (epithelial ovarian)	GAD: 19064572
Cancer (prostate)	GAD: 17220347
Cancer (breast)	GAD: 19640273
Hyperandrogenism	GAD: 19403562
Hyperparathyroidism	GAD: 20424473
Periodontitis	GAD: 15490304
Obesity	GAD: 20734064
Bone diseases	GAD: 12633791
Psychological disorders	GAD: 19086053
Several psychiatric disorders	GAD: 19086053
Endometriosis	GAD: 17595314
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism	GAD: 19567835
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism	INFBASE: 17235395
Female infertility	INFBASE: 4601472
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)	INFBASE: 9467578
Tubuli seminiferi and hyperplasia of the Leydig cells	INFBASE: 7782053
Anovulation	INFBASE: 4601472
Azoospermia	MIK: 2509619
Human spermatogenic defect	MIK: 3886437
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism	MIK: 1730329
Sertoli cell only syndrome (SCOS)	MIK: 18082732
Male factor infertility	MIK: 18082732
Varicocele	MIK: 3096787
Male factor infertility	MIK: 2509619
Spermatogenesis defects	MIK: 18082732
Oligozoospermia	MIK: 2509619
Oligozoospermia	MIK: 3886437
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism	OMIM: 152760
Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH)	MIK: 23936060
Azoospermia	MIK: 7782053
Azoospermia	MIK: 7782053
Tubuli seminiferi and hyperplasia of the Leydig cells	MIK: 7782053
Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism	MIK: 23936060
Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism	MIK: 26595427
Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH)	MIK: 17235395
Oligozoospermia	MIK: 2509619
Male infertility	MIK: 2509619
Sertoli- cell only syndrome	MIK: 18082732
Teratozoospermia	MIK: 17327269

PubMed references

PMID	Condition	Mutation	Ethnicity	Population details	Infertility_type	Associated_genes
23936060	Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism	R31C GNRH1		9 nCHH subjects	Male infertility, Female infertility
18082732	Male infertility, Spermatogenic failure, Sertoli- cell only syndrome			34 azoospermic men	Male infertility	GnRH-I GnRH-II GnRH-R CYP11A1 HSD3B2
1730329	idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH)				Male infertility	FSH beta LH beta GnRH
17235395	Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH)	FGFR1 mutation		2 families one with Kallmann syndrome (IHH and anosmia) and another with normosmic IHH,	Male infertility	FGFR1 LHRH factor (NELF) GNRHR
2509619	Idiopathic oligozoospermia, azoospermia			35 (21 infertile patients with idiopathic azoospermia or oligoasthenozoospermia, 14 fertile age-matched controls)	Male infertility	LHRH
7782053	Azoospermia, tubuli seminiferi and hyperplasia of the Leydig cells			1 XX male with constitutional delay of growth and development and genetic short stature	Male infertility	LHRH
17327269	Teratozoospermia			13 (5 controls, 8 cases)	Male infertility	GSE6967 analyzed by GEO2R (cutoff 1.5 fold)
26595427	Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism	p.G29GfsX12,c.87delAc,G92A leading to p.R31H.		3(1 case)	Male infertility
3886437	Human spermatogenesis, oligozoospermia			103 samples were divided into four groups. In the low-concentration groups (oligozoospermic patients), the hormonal concentrations differed significantly (P less than 0.05) between those specimens demonstrating good and poor motility	Male infertility	LH-RH